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This much revised and reorganized edition of Intellectuals and Population is more than half again bigger than the first edition. Four new chapters have been added on intellectuals and contest, including a section on contest and cleverness.These new chapters show the radically different views of contest prevailing among the list of intelligentsia at the start of the twentieth century with the end-- yet how each one of these complete opposite views of contest had the same dogmatic quality and the same refusal to countenance differing ideas amongst their contemporaries, much less engage dissenting ideas in serious question. Moreover, each one of these very different views of contest produced flourishes of rhetoric and travesties of reasoning, leading to dire social consequences, though of very different sorts in both eras. Other enhancements to this edition add a critique of John Rawls' conception or justice and a re-examination of the so-called "trickle-down theory" behind "tax cuts for the wealthy." There are other revisions, from the preface to the ultimate chapter, the last mentioned being thoroughly rewritten to bring together and spotlight the designs of the other chapters, and to make unmistakably clear what Intellectuals and Population is, and is not, wanting to do.