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A mind-expanding and myth-destroying exploration of notions of white race-not merely a skin color but also a sign of electric power, prestige, and beauty to be withheld and awarded selectively. Ever since the Enlightenment, contest theory and its inevitable partner, racism, have implemented a crooked road, constructed by prominent peoples to justify their domination of others. Filling up a huge gap in historical books that long centered on the non-white, eminent historian Nell Irvin Painter leads us through more than two thousand years of European civilization, tracing not only the technology of the thought of contest but also the consistent worship of "whiteness" for monetary, social, clinical, and political ends. Our story commences in Greek and Roman antiquity, where in fact the concept of contest did not can be found, only geography and the opportunity to overcome and enslave others. Not until the eighteenth century performed an obsession with whiteness flourish, with the German technology of the idea of Caucasian beauty. This theory made northern Europeans into "Saxons," "Anglo-Saxons," and "Teutons," envisioned as exclusively handsome natural rulers. Here was a worldview congenial to northern Europeans bent on empire. There implemented an explosion of theories of contest, now concentrating on racial personality as well as skin color. Multiply by such intellectuals as Madame de Stael and Thomas Carlyle, white contest theory soon come to THE UNITED STATES with a vengeance. Its main spokesman, Ralph Waldo Emerson, performed the most to label Anglo-Saxons-icons of beauty and virtue-as the one true Americans. It had been an ideal that excluded not only blacks but also all ethnic teams not of Protestant, northern European qualifications. The Irish and Local Americans were out and, later, so were the Chinese, Jews, Italians, Slavs, and Greeks-all deemed racially alien. Have immigrations threaten the presence of America? People in the usa were assumed to be white, but who among poor immigrants could become truly American? A tortured and convoluted series of clinical explorations developed-theories designed to keep Anglo-Saxons at the very top: the ever-popular measurement of skulls, the powerful eugenics movements, and highly biased brains tests-all designed to keep employees out and down. As Painter reveals, power-supported by economics, technology, and politics-continued to drive exclusionary notions of whiteness until, deep into the twentieth century, political realities enlarged the category of truly American. A story filled up with towering historical numbers, The Record of White People forcefully reminds us that the concept of one white contest is a recently available invention. This is, importance, and realty of the all-too-human thesis of contest have buckled under the weight of an extended and abundant unfolding of happenings.
